Grate



O. W. PETERISENY GRATEl 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 28. 1921 /rrroR/VE V5: v

Feb. 19, 1924.

O. W. PETERSEN GRATE Fil'edsept. 28. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Imwmm A rra/@vf x5.

Patented Feb. 19, 1924.

UNITED :sT-Aras,

y l1,483,909.l PATENT oFFlca OLAF W. PETERSEN, orI Barreto, NEW YORK, assGNoR "ro.rinnesnristromen.com n raar, yor BUFFALO, new vom.

GRATE. l

Application inea september 2s, .1921. lserial No. 503,880.

, To aZvZ whom. it. mag/concern;

Be it .known that I., OLAF Pnrnnsnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and Stateof Yew4 York, have invented a newl and useful Improvement in Grates,of whichthe followingis a specification.

This invention relates' to lgratos of the` y vancing the fire; also to providei means of improved construction for rotating the grate-bars; also to .provide means of improved construction for securing the rotary gratedoars in correct operative relation to the grate.; also to so construct the` grate that the parts thereof which are subjected to the heat ofthe fire can be easily removed from the grate and replaced by corresponding new parts; also to so construct grat-es of this kind as .to avoid the loss of unblllnd fuel; also to improve the construction of gra-'tes of this kind in other respects hereinafter specified.

. In the accompanying drawings: l

Fig. lisa fragmentary sectional plan view of a furnace lprovided with a grate embodying the invention. n

FigzQ is a. longitudinal sectional elevation of the furnace, showing the grate in elevation.. f i

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation thereof lon 'line SiS, Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is afragmentary longitudinal sectional elevation ofthe grate, showing the partsof the grate in different positions. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional elevation thereof Aon line 5 5, Fig. 2.

Fig. vv6 is a fragmentary transverse scctional elevation thereof on line (3f-'6, Fig. 3. Fig'. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view of the front linger supporting bar of the lgrate, and oneoft'he lingers. Y

VlFig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective view showing 'the rear finger supporting bar ready tobe positioned in one ofthe supportingside members of the grate, and one of the fingers.

Fig. r9 is a fragmentary perspective view ofk one of the supporting side members of the grate withth'e locking devices ready 4to be placed into 'their "operative 'relations thereto..." n

Figs. 1Q and llfa're fragmentary sectional plan views thereof on klines lO-l() and 11-.11 respectively, Fig. 2.

FiglQ isl apperspective-view of a. locking or retaining nl'iember.for holding the gratebars vin operative relation to a. 'supporting sideinember of the grate. n

' Fig., 13 is a side elevation on any enlarged scale, showing two/ ofthe ire-supporting bars of the grate in operative'relation to each other. y

Fig. 14 is a similar view 'showing the two plates in a position to advance. the lire.

Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation of yone lof the 'plates on line 15415, Fig. 13.

The grate. may `rbe `usedfin Vconnection with a. furnace of any suitable construction, that shown including a. front wall A having a suitable opening through which ythe fuel may be admitted tothe .'fufrnace, a side wall a and a rear wall a. -I

The parts of the grate are mounted on 'and supported by a plural-ityof supporting side members B which extend lengthwiseof the furnace and the ends of which are 'suitably supported on the front and rear -walls of the furnace. Any `number of these longitudinal supporting members may lloe employed, Adepending upon the width of the grate, and

the grat-ebars are `supported at their opposite ends [in these longitudinal members.

The fuel )and 'rea-re carried :lengthwise of the lgrate by-means of a plurality of rotata ble grate-bars, each'of which includes a fcentral rod or Shaft-andaplurality 'of yplates supported on the shaftl and arranged so that the fire' will rest "on the u'ppereedges of the g5 plates.` C represents the rotary shafts of the grate-bars,''tlie intermediate portions of which are adapted'to receive vthe plates 'and hold the same again-st turning.- the construction shown forfthis purpose, the intermediate' portions are square in cross section and the end/0r bearing 'portions c are of circular cross section. The intermediate., square portions of the -rods or shafts are` adapted to support `the plates `D uponwhich the `firev rests.` vThese plates are polygonal in their form, being square in the construction illustrated.v and larel spaced apart'an'd so arranged that the plates of one grafte-barenter into the spaces between ythe plates o'fan adjacent grate-bar. in order to properly space the plates on the shafts, each of the plates is preferablyprovided with -spacing collars or projections l which extend outwardly from one side of the plate and are adapted to en` gage the adjacent side of the next plate.

These spacing collars are so arranged as to extend into proximity to the corners of the plates when the plates are in the position shownin Figs. 4. and 14;. The object of these collars is to retard the falling of the fuel between the plates while the platesare lportions of theshaft or rod C. The inwardly extending portions d are preferably separated `by slots or spaces cl3 so that the plates engage on the corner or edge portions of the supporting shafts, thereby eliminating as much machining and fitting lof the parts as possible. I

It has been found that in the use of grates of this kinch particles 'of fuel sometimes become wedged kbetween the plates and thus interfere with the operation of the grate.. in order to overcome this difficulty one face of each plate in the particular construction shown, is concaved or dished as indicated at cl* in Figs. 13 to l5, thereby forming plates which have peripheral portions of greater thickness than their intermediate portions. This eliminates the wedging of the particles of `fuel between adjacent plates, since if a piece of material is sufficiently small to pass into the space between the edge portions of the plates, it. will drop freely past thel intermediate portions .thereof Only one of the faces of t-heplates is shown dished but it will be obvious that if desired, both faces of the plates can be formed in this manner.

By means of the construction ofthe plates described, all of the plates ofthe grate may be made the same and the plates .on opposite grate bars are arranged to face in opposite directions, thereby producing a staggered arrangement of plates which enables the plates of vone grate-bar to enter into-the spaces betweenjthe plates of an adjacent grate-bar.

t is'desirable -to have the plates normally arranged with their upper faces substantially in alinement orin the same plane and thereyby/avoid having' the corners of the plates projectinto the fire, which would cause the burning of thecorners. `For this purpose the gratebars are rotated intermittently by means of pawl and ratchet l mechanisms which are preferably.constructed as follows:

Each shaft C is provided at one end with a ratchet wheel E suitably secured thereon and having a number of teeth corresponding to the number of sides of the plates D, four teeth being shown in the construction illusvided with a tooth f2 extending inwardly into the opening in the head and adapted to engage with the teeth of the ratchet wheels. They pawls hang on the ratchet wheels and when the same arev moved into the position` shown in F ig. 3, the tooth portion of each pawl drops by gravity into engagement with a tooth of the ratchet wheel. I f

In order to actuate all of the grate-bars at the same ti1ne','the pawls Fr areconnected at their lower ends toa connecting bar G by means of a plurality of pins or bolts o passing through slots g in the lower ends of the pawls F. The slots g permit each of the pawls to drop into engagement with a tooth of ratchet wheel independently i of other pawls. 'The connecting bar G may be swung back and forth to turn the gratebars by any suitable means', such for example, as a lever 'H pivoted at t in front of the furnace and connected by'means ofv a link .71. with the connecting bar Gr. hen the lever H is swung from one* end of its path of movement to the other end, Y the grate bars are turned through a quarter of a revolution and the pla-tes D are all moved into positions in which the upper faces thereof lie substantially in the same plane. During thismovement. the corners of the` plates engage the fire and feed the same toward the rear of the furnace.

At the front and rear of the grate, fingers I and K are arranged in such a manner as to extend between the plates of the ad-l jacent grate-bars. These fingers are stationary and serve to support the fire before it passes to the rotary grate barsand after it leaves the same. The fingers may be supported in their operative positions in any desired manner but are preferably so arranged that they can be readily re.- moved and replaced. For this purpose the front wall A of the furnace is provided with a front finger support-ing bar z', Figs. 3 and 7, extending..transverselyv of the front of the grate and 'the' fingers are provided with `enlarged or' spacing body portions t having a finger upwardly out of engagement with 1 the finger bar The enlarged bodyf portions 1'. of the fingers are of such'width `that when placed side by lside on the supporting bar., theend portions of the fingersv will be properly spaced to enter between leu the plates of .an .adjacent grate-'bar'. The bodyv portions of the y'fingers also protect the supporting bar against the lfire, so that only the fingers which can be readily removed and Yreplaced, are subject. to the `deH structive action of the fire. y'The rear fingers` K, Figs. 3 and `8, .are ysubstantially of the same construction, vand vare supported 'on a rear Yfinger--supportin-g bar 7c, the ends o-f which rest in slots ZJ formed in the side supporting members B The fingers are provided with eI-rlarged ,portions k2 having slots la which enable the fingers to straddle the finger bark.. The foremost, rotarygratebar takes the fuel `from the frontffingers and the rea-r grate-bar discharges the remaining portions of the lire to the rear fingers la. The construction of the front and rear iingers and finger bars prevents the warping vor otherwise injuring of the supporting bars.

From the yfingers. K the ashes or olinkers remaining -i'n the `tire are discharged upon a dump-ing grate `or support L, which, in the construction shown, consists zof a jplurality of linksor sections Z, each ,of which is Yconnected at one end by a .shaft or rod Z which is pivoted on the side supporting members B of the grate. The lin-ks or sections Z are connected at their other `ends to a rod of shaft Z2 and each of the links .is provided with enlarged end portions or lugs which serve to space the intermediate portions `of the lin-ks apart. The dumping grate L also has a -pair of sections 'Z3 provided with a downwardly projecting portion lZ4 which is pivotally connected to 'la rod or link Z5 extending through the frontavall ofthe furnace and which is provided With notches Z adapted 'to' engage with a 'holding projection Z7 :to hold 'the pivoted grate: member either in the v.position shown in full lines 'in Fig. -3 or in the dotted line position.. By means 'of this grate any clinkers or unburned matter carried to the rear 'ofthe furnace may be discharged into the fash pit. i

In order to rotatably lioldthe ,grate-bars 'operative relation to the lsupporting side members B, the construction ,shown in detail in Figs. 9-12 is preferably, thfough not necessari-ly employed. In this construction the cylindrical end portions c fof the .shafts y'off the grate-bars are j-ournalled bea-rings yformed Iby semi-circular depressions .fm in the supporting side members i3 and by corresponding depress-i-ons in .key members These :key members are lreld in place on the supporting side members B by :means lof u p- Wardfly extending ,proj ectionsN von these 'si de members, which have reduced nec-k portions n provided with tapering or linclined faces -n and enlarged head porti-ons n2, preferably provided with inclined .faces or? on their opposite sides. Each key meniiber M is provided with L ccnrespondi-nglyf inclined faces m" which are adapted toenga e Witt-i the faces. n of the projections N. 11 he lre`y` member M is also provi-ded 'with 'an'up- Wardly extending part 'm2- which enters ybe# tween the head portions nf. VThe' head ,pore tions n2 heid "the 4key member against' movement up-Wardly and means of'an'y suit able construction are preferably j provi-'ded for holding this Jkey member against"mov"v ing laterally out of its operative position. For this purpose a retaining member() is 'shown in the construction illustrated, Which is adapted to interlock Withthe'. heads n? and to Vengage. a` lkeyfmefmbeil M 'and 'to hold the ysame against Inovinglaterallyfout of its operative position.` The "retaining membernsho'wn is vprovided with a 'head pori tion 0 adapted 'to rest on Athe upperfaces' 1 the v'projections N of the sum'iorting` side members and a dov-etail portion'o is 4adapted to eng-age 'the inclined vfaces 'ne of.'l the proi jecting lme'm'bers N., The retaining member also 'has a downvvardlyex'tending portion o2 provided With a semi-circular"depression o3 for the shaft o'f a grate-bar." The down- 'wardly projectionportionn c2 lenga' es the side of the keymernber M and nods-*the same against 'movenientlater-ally 'out off its` operative position. y a 1- y It is also ldesirable to provide -'means for protecting the vratch'et members of 'the'grate bars 'from 'the fire and from ashes Ior cinders dropping Afrom the ire,`\anfd for 'this pur- .pose aA protecting 'portion preferably W0 formed integrally with each retaining meinber O. In the constructionshovgn'for this purpose in Figs.y 9, l0 "and 11, Vthedu-pper y lportion o of the retaining member isles. tended laterally and provided atitsinner W5 face with a downwardly extending flange Pwvhich extends `suilost'antivally l parallel to the inner tace of the ratchet and ratchet Wheel. IThe top portions 'o and 'the vsicleporf- I tions P -o'f the retain-ing'lmembers "O prevent *1?10 injuryto theraftche't mechanism o'f ythe grateb bars, due to the heat of the fire andi-to cinders or ashes dropping .from the fire. The retaining Vmember show-n "in Fig. '12 is not .provided `With theinner, 'sidevalil P N5 and this member is 'intended tobe used lin connection with those bearings of "the -gratebars which are not provided with ratciietsl i and, ratchet Wheels.

The gratefbar le'scribed canfbef readily W0 manufactured, since Vfthe parts tbereofcan be made of cast `metal-"and require jveryflittle machining. The grate hasthe advantage of occupying 'very littlespace inthe farli-'ace and 'at the same time 'effectively ,passing a i135 fire from the front to the rearof 'tlieafnrnace. In case -a'ny ,part 'the grate beicomes injured, 'dit is a very simple. 'maitterft'o remove the injured .part and 'replace same 7:by aneivpart. Tbepiat'es ofthefgrateh Q on"v bars are loosely held on the shafts C and the shafts themselves are readily removed from thesupporting side members. The front and reary fingers I and K can be removed by simply raising them 4out of enthe grate-bar are not easilyburned for the reason that the surfaces thereof supporting thetire do notbecoine excessively heated, since three of the yfour surfacesy of each plate arebeing cooled while the fourth surface supports the lire. j

The rotary grate-bars vreceive the fresh fuel at the front of the grate andthe fire is gradually fed to the rear of the grate.

- vThe smoke and gas given oft byl the vgreen fuel at the front of the grate pass over the hot fire at the intermediate and rear poi'- tions of tliegrate and are consumed, producing practicallyy l smokeless combustion, Any fuelnot consumed while on the rotary grate barsv is discharged to the rear finger bars vand to the dumping grate, which being stationary, retard the movement of the fuel so as to ensure the complete combustion of all of the fuel. This retardingaction has the important effect of ensuring a. complete combustion of the fuel and automatically prevents the discharge of unconsumed fuel from the grate. The rear linger bars and the dumping grate preferably slope downwardly as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, so as not to retard the movement of the lire to anl excessive extent, but the angle of the fuel ret-arding-portion of the grate may be varied, ifdesired. y, y

. I claim as my invention l, In a grate, the combination of a plurality of rotary grate-bars each including a'shaft and plates arranged thereon, the platesof one grate-bar entering into spaces between plates of an` adjacent grate bar, and

collarsvon said plates extending into the spaces between said plates' for spacing said plates ,relatively to each other, said collars ext-ending into proximity to the peripheries of the plates of an adjacent grate-,bar to preventlaige particles of fuel from falling through .the spaces between plates.

2. In a grate, the coinb-iiiation of a plurality of rotary grate-bars -each 'including a vshaft and polygonal plates arranged at inh tervals thereon to support the fire on the edges of said plates, the plates for one grate-bar entering into the spaces between plates` of an adjacent gratebar, and laterally extending collars on ,eachv of` said plates extending into the spaces between plates, said collars being spaced from the shaft engaging portions of said plates and extending yinto close proximity to the corners of the plates of an adjacent bar' when said gratesare rotated to limit the fall of fuel through said spaces.

I n a grate, the combination of a'plurality o-f rotary grate-bars each including a shaft and polygonal plates arrangedat intervals thereon to' sup-port the fire onthe edges of `said plates, the plates lof one gratebar entering into the spaces betweenplates of an adjacent grate-bar, theIo-uter edgesvof said plates being of greater thickness vthan the inner port-ions thereof.

4. In a grate, the combination of a plurality of rotary grate-bars each including a shaft and polygonal plates arranged at intervals thereon to support the `lire on the edges of said' plates, the plates of one gratebar entering` into the spaces betweenk plates of an adjacent grate-bar, a face of each of said plates being dished to prevent the accumulation of fuel and ash in the spaces between tlie plates. -f

5. In a grate, the combination of awplurality of rotary grate-bars each having a shaft and plates'inounted on" said shaftto support the iie ony the edge kportions of said plates, a ratchet wheel secured oneach shaft, ya ratchet arin adapted to engage with said. ratchet wheel and havingan enlarged head provided with an. opening in which said ratchet wheel is arranged, and a tooth extending inwardly into said opening and adapted 'to cooperate with said ratchet wheel. f

' 6. In a grate, `the combination of a pluf rality of rotary grate-bars each having a shaft and plates mounted on said shaft ,to support the lire on the edge portions-of said plates, ay ratchet wheel secured on each shaft,

a ratchet arm adapted to vengage with said ratchet wheel and having` an enlarged-head provided with an opening in ywhich said ratchet wheel is arranged., a too-tli extending inwardly into said `opening and adapted toy cooperate with said ratchet wheel, anda arms are pivotally connected and which swings said arms to cause an intermittent ralityv of rotary grate-bars each having a v shaft and platesl mounted `on said shaft to support rthe lirefon Lthe-edge portions Aof said plates, a ratchet wheel securedvon each shaft, a ratchet arm adapted to engage with said ratchet wheel andhaving an enlarged head provided with an; opening in which 'said ratchet wheel is arranged, a tooth extending inwardly into said opening and adapted to cooperate with said ratchet wheel,a connecting bar, and a slidable and pivotalconnecf tion between each of said ratchet arms and said bar, wherebyy eachl of said ratchet arms is adapted to engage said ratchet wheels independently of each other` and whereby said 110 connecting bar `to which all of said ratchet all of said ,grate-bars.

bar is adapted to swing said armsto rotate cated end portions, and a yfinger-supporting bar arranged in operative relation to said grate and which said bifurcated parts of said finger-sare adapted to straddle, whereby the fingers are removably held on said finger-supporting bar.

9. In a grate, the combination of a plui rality of grate-bars each having a shaft and plates mounted on said shaft to support the fire, and spaced apart, stationary fingers adapted toenter into the spaces between adjacent plates and having body portions which are of greater width than the portions thereo-f `which extend into the spaces between said plates, said body portions being bifurcated, and a finger-supporting bar arranged in operative relation to said grate and Vwhich said bifurcated parts of the lingers straddle, said body portions spacing said lingers relatively to each other and pro'- tecting said supporting bar from the action of the fire.

10. In a grate, the combination o-f a rotary grate bar, a side supporting member on which said rotary grate-bar is journalled, a key having a part which engages said grate-bar to hold the same in place on said supportingmember, said key being adapted to interlock with a portion of said supporting member to hold the key against vertical movement 'relatively to said supporting member, and apart movable vertically into engagement with said supporting member.

and adapted to hold said key against lateral movement.

11. In a grate, the combination of a rotary grate-bar, a side supporting member having a part forming a journal for said grate-bar, upwardly extending projections on said supporting member arranged at opposite sides of said journal portions, a key member having a part ladapted to cooperate with said journal portion to rotatably confine said grate-bar in operative relation to said supporting member, and held against vertical movement by said projections, and a part engaging said projections and confining said key member against sidewise movement.

12. In a grate, the combination of a rotary grate-bar, a side supporting member having a part forming a journal for said grate-bars, upwardly extending projections on said supporting member arranged at opposite sides .of said journal portions and having reduced neck portions and enlarged head portions, 'a key member adapted 'to en gage saidshaftv andl said 4vprojection and held against upward movement bythe head .portions of said projection,y and a part engag' ing said key member'and holding the "same against ,lateral movement and lhaving a part interlocking with said: head portions and held against lateral' movementy thereby.

13.` In a grate, the combination off va rotary grate-bar,aside supporting member having a part forming a journal for said grate bars, upwardly extending projections on said supporting member arranged at opposite sides of said journal portions and having reduced neck portions and enlarged head portions, a key member adapted to engage said shaft and said projection and held against upward movement by the head portions of said projection', and a key holding member movable vertically into and out of engagement with said head portions and having a dovetailed connection therewith, and engaging said key portion, said dovetailed connection holding said key holding member and said key against lateral movement. j

14. In a grate, the combination of a rotary grate-bar, means engaging said gratebar for turning the same, a side supporting ",memberon which said grate-bar is journalled, a key having a part engaging said grate-bar to hold the same 1n place and en gaging said supporting member and interf locking therewith to hold said key against vertical movement relatively to said supporting member a part loosely engaging said. supporting member and held against lateral movement thereby, said part engaging said key and holding said key against lateral movement, and a portion of said vertically movable part which overhangs said turning means for protecting'the same against in-y jury from the fire.

15. In a grate, thecombination of a plurality of rotary grate bars'adapted to advance the fuel from the receiving end of the grate to the discharge end thereof in a substantially horizontal direction, and a relatively stationary downwardly inclined fuel-retarding grate portion arrange-d at the discharge end of said rotary grate bars, and on which the combustion of the fuel is completed. j

16. In a grate, the combination of a plurality of rotary grate bars adapted to advance the fuel from the receiving cnd of they grate to the discharge end thereof, and a relatively stationary fuel-retarding grate portion arranged at the discharge end of said rotary grate, and sloping downwardly therefrom and on which the combustion of the fuel is completed.

17.111 a grate, the combinationof a] plurality of rotary grate-bars adapted to ad# Vance the fuel from the receiving' end of the grate to the discharge` endv thereof, and a relatively stationary t11el.1etai `li1i;r grate portion arranged at` the discharge end of said rotary grate hars and ineludin;1 tiuger bars cooperating with Said rotary tfrate#bare to receive the uelft-herefroln, and a grate member arranged in rear of said tinger'hars. the final combustion of the fuel taking; plume 0n said finger bars and rear Irate nieinlwr.

18.. In a g1rate,tl1e combination et a plu ra'lity of rotary grate-hars adapted to f1d- Said rotary grate bars and including` finger hars cooperatingwith said rotary7 grate-' bars to receive the fuel therefrom, and a dumping grate member arranged ini-ear, of said finger bars.

OLAF W. PETER-SEN. 

